Backswimmers Can Stay Submerged

The backswimmer (notonectidae) has fine hairs on its stomach and breathes using the bubbles that stick to those hairs, which allows it to stay submerged. When the concentration of carbon dioxide inside the bubbles surpasses a certain level, it causes the internal pressure to exceed the pressure levels outside of the bubble, which then forces the carbon dioxide to dissolve into the water. Pressure levels also change as oxygen is depeleted through respiration, which draws more oxygen inside of the bubble.

Resouce/Energy/Information Collection & Storage:: Oxygen supply

Transfer/Dispose/Circulate:: Reuse、Convection

Circulation

Backswimmers’ breathing mechanism can be used to develop a method for supplying oxygen to fuel cells for small, unmanned underwater gliders, precluding the need for an external energy source.

History
+ –
Request History
4 previous requests available
====
Session
+ –
Session
- Config
  userAgentad887dcf00ede54908a142d78a86b61f
  time1713274763
  timeout10
====
Request
+ –
Request

Cake Params
- controllercontents
- actionview
- named(empty)
- pass
  0116
- plugin(null)
- form(empty)
- url
  urlcontents/view/116
- isAjax(false)
$_GET
- urlcontents/view/116
Cookie
- 0(empty)
Current Route
- keys
  0controller
  1action
- options(empty)
- defaults
  plugin(null)
  actionindex
- template/:controller/:action/*
- _greedy(true)
- _compiledRoute#^/(?:([^/]+))/(?:([^/]+))(?:/(?P<_args_>.*))?[/]*$#
- __headerMap
  typecontent_type
  methodrequest_method
  serverserver_name
====

Sql Log

+ –

Sql Logs

default

Query	Affected	Num. rows	Took (ms)	Actions
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents`	16	16	1	maybe slow
SELECT CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS WHERE COLLATION_NAME= 'utf8_general_ci';	1	1	1
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `users`	10	10	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups`	4	4	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `permissions`	5	5	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_permissions`	3	3	9	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_users`	3	3	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_searches`	6	6	5	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments`	11	11	5	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments_revs`	13	13	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items`	5	5	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `related_items`	6	6	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items_revs`	8	8	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags`	5	5	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tags`	7	7	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tag_groups`	6	6	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags_revs`	7	7	1	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_revs`	18	18	1	maybe slow
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`user_id`, `Content`.`last_edit_user_id`, `Content`.`post_date`, `Content`.`post_date_year`, `Content`.`post_date_month`, `Content`.`post_date_day`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en`, `Content`.`content`, `Content`.`plain_content`, `Content`.`page_view`, `Content`.`flag`, `Content`.`mod_count`, `Content`.`created`, `Content`.`modified` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE `id` = 116 LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Attachment`.`file_name`, `Attachment`.`dir`, `Attachment`.`model`, `Attachment`.`foreign_key` FROM `attachments` AS `Attachment` WHERE `file_name` <> 'default.jpg' AND `Attachment`.`foreign_key` = (116)	1	1	0
SELECT `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`related_item_id`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` FROM `contents_related_items` AS `ContentsRelatedItem` WHERE `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` = (116)	12	12	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 1	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 5	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 6	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 8	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 4	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 11	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 12	1	1	0
SELECT `ContentsTag`.`id`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_group_id`, `ContentsTag`.`mod_count`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_id`, `ContentsTag`.`content_id` FROM `contents_tags` AS `ContentsTag` WHERE `ContentsTag`.`content_id` = (116)	4	4	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 11	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 33	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 3	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 37	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 3	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 90	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`id`, `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name`, `RelatedItem`.`created`, `RelatedItem`.`modified`, `RelatedItem`.`flag` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `code` = 'function' LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE id = (NULL) ORDER BY `id` desc	0	0	0

Query Explain:

Click an "Explain" link above, to see the query explanation.

====

Timer

+ –

Memory

Peak Memory Use 8.69 MB

Message	Memory use
Component intitailization	6.79 MB
Controller action start	6.83 MB
Controller render start	6.91 MB
View render complete	7.93 MB

Timers

Total Request Time: 776 (ms)

Message	Time in ms	Graph
Core Processing (Derived)	353.14
Component initialization and startup	8.24
Controller action	49.86
Render Controller Action	56.64
» Rendering View	52.64
» » Rendering APP/views/contents/view.ctp	32.17
» » Rendering APP/views/layouts/default.ctp	18.87
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/header.ctp	1.46
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/content_sidebar.ctp	0.32
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/footer.ctp	0.42

====

Log
+ –

Logs

====
Variables
+ –
View Variables
- content
  contentsTags
  0
  id1718
  tag_group_id1
  mod_count3
  tag_id11
  content_id116
  Tag
  nameOxygen supply
  comment(null)
  tag_group_id1
  TagGroup
  coderes_store
  nameResources/Energy/Information Collection or Storage
  1
  id1719
  tag_group_id3
  mod_count3
  tag_id33
  content_id116
  Tag
  nameReuse
  comment(null)
  tag_group_id3
  TagGroup
  codemove
  nameTransportation/Disposal/Circulation
  2
  id1720
  tag_group_id3
  mod_count3
  tag_id37
  content_id116
  Tag
  nameConvection
  comment(null)
  tag_group_id3
  TagGroup
  codemove
  nameTransportation/Disposal/Circulation
  3
  id1721
  tag_group_id7
  mod_count3
  tag_id90
  content_id116
  Tag
  nameCirculation
  comment(null)
  tag_group_id7
  TagGroup
  codeenv_sol
  nameEnvironmental Solution Classification
  attachments
  0
  file_nameMQ==.jpeg
  dirimg/Content/116
  modelContent
  foreign_key116
  contentsRelatedItems
  function
  0The backswimmer (notonectidae) has fine hairs on its stomach and breathes using the bubbles that stick to those hairs, which allows it to stay submerged. When the concentration of carbon dioxide inside the bubbles surpasses a certain level, it causes the internal pressure to exceed the pressure levels outside of the bubble, which then forces the carbon dioxide to dissolve into the water. Pressure levels also change as oxygen is depeleted through respiration, which draws more oxygen inside of the bubble.
  ref_info
  0
  reg_num
  0
  appl_tech
  0
  product
  0
  appl_tech_sugg
  0Backswimmers’ breathing mechanism can be used to develop a method for supplying oxygen to fuel cells for small, unmanned underwater gliders, precluding the need for an external energy source.
  img_exp
  0Backswimmer bug. Photo by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/cyprinoid/3486628420/" target="_blank">cyprinoid</a><br /><span style="font-size:80%;">From the Amazing Nature Database.</span>
  1
  2
  reg_info
  0
  related_content_id
  0
  related_ls_id
  0
  properties
  id116
  user_id1
  last_edit_user_id1
  post_date2011-02-07
  post_date_year
  post_date_month
  post_date_day
  titleBackswimmers Can Stay Submerged
  title_en
  content
  plain_content
  page_view0
  flag1
  mod_count3
  created2011-02-07 10:05:37
  modified2012-03-16 13:59:00
- related_contentsArray
- Auth(null)
- $this->data(null)
- $this->validationErrors(empty)
- Loaded Helpers
  0simpleGraph
  1number
  2htmlToolbar
  3toolbar
  4navi
  5layout
  6session
  7form
  8contentElement
  9javascript
  10html
====

Backswimmers Can Stay Submerged

Request History

Session

Request

Cake Params

$_GET

Cookie

Current Route

Sql Logs

default

Query Explain:

Memory

Timers

Logs

View Variables