Red Roses Appear Black

Black roses appear black even though they contain the same pigment as red roses on account of the narrow epidermal cells that cover the surface of their petals. Shadows are created when light hits the cells at a certain angle, giving the flowers their black appearance.

Resouce/Energy/Information Transmission & Production:: Color changing

Other

Yasuda H. 1986. Hana no Iro no Nazo. Tokai University Press.

The structure of red/black roses can be used to develop clothes and materials whose hues change slightly according to the brightness of a room’s light, or the angle from which one views the fabric.

History
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Request History
4 previous requests available
====
Session
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Session
- Config
  userAgent146b278961f0b80dc105e136efd48481
  time1735273938
  timeout10
====
Request
+ –
Request

Cake Params
- controllercontents
- actionview
- named(empty)
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 09
- plugin(null)
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$_GET
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Current Route
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- _compiledRoute#^/(?:([^/]+))/(?:([^/]+))(?:/(?P<_args_>.*))?[/]*$#
- __headerMap
 typecontent_type
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====

Sql Log

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Sql Logs

default

Query	Affected	Num. rows	Took (ms)	Actions
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents`	16	16	2	maybe slow
SELECT CHARACTER_SET_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLLATIONS WHERE COLLATION_NAME= 'utf8_general_ci';	1	1	1
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `users`	10	10	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups`	4	4	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `permissions`	5	5	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_permissions`	3	3	9	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `groups_users`	3	3	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_searches`	6	6	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments`	11	11	3	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `attachments_revs`	13	13	3	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items`	5	5	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `related_items`	6	6	10	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_related_items_revs`	8	8	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags`	5	5	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tags`	7	7	10	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `tag_groups`	6	6	2	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_tags_revs`	7	7	3	maybe slow
SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `contents_revs`	18	18	11	maybe slow
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`user_id`, `Content`.`last_edit_user_id`, `Content`.`post_date`, `Content`.`post_date_year`, `Content`.`post_date_month`, `Content`.`post_date_day`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en`, `Content`.`content`, `Content`.`plain_content`, `Content`.`page_view`, `Content`.`flag`, `Content`.`mod_count`, `Content`.`created`, `Content`.`modified` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE `id` = 9 LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Attachment`.`file_name`, `Attachment`.`dir`, `Attachment`.`model`, `Attachment`.`foreign_key` FROM `attachments` AS `Attachment` WHERE `file_name` <> 'default.jpg' AND `Attachment`.`foreign_key` = (9)	2	2	0
SELECT `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`related_item_id`, `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` FROM `contents_related_items` AS `ContentsRelatedItem` WHERE `ContentsRelatedItem`.`content_id` = (9)	12	12	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 1	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 5	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 6	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 8	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 9	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 11	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 4	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `RelatedItem`.`id` = 12	1	1	0
SELECT `ContentsTag`.`id`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_group_id`, `ContentsTag`.`mod_count`, `ContentsTag`.`tag_id`, `ContentsTag`.`content_id` FROM `contents_tags` AS `ContentsTag` WHERE `ContentsTag`.`content_id` = (9)	2	2	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 20	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 2	1	1	0
SELECT `Tag`.`name`, `Tag`.`comment`, `Tag`.`tag_group_id` FROM `tags` AS `Tag` WHERE `Tag`.`id` = 175	1	1	0
SELECT `TagGroup`.`code`, `TagGroup`.`name` FROM `tag_groups` AS `TagGroup` WHERE `TagGroup`.`id` = 7	1	1	0
SELECT `RelatedItem`.`id`, `RelatedItem`.`code`, `RelatedItem`.`name`, `RelatedItem`.`created`, `RelatedItem`.`modified`, `RelatedItem`.`flag` FROM `related_items` AS `RelatedItem` WHERE `code` = 'function' LIMIT 1	1	1	0
SELECT `Content`.`id`, `Content`.`title`, `Content`.`title_en` FROM `contents` AS `Content` WHERE id = (NULL) ORDER BY `id` desc	0	0	0

Query Explain:

Click an "Explain" link above, to see the query explanation.

====

Timer

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Memory

Peak Memory Use 8.85 MB

Message	Memory use
Component intitailization	6.79 MB
Controller action start	6.83 MB
Controller render start	6.90 MB
View render complete	7.92 MB

Timers

Total Request Time: 1017 (ms)

Message	Time in ms	Graph
Core Processing (Derived)	421.11
Component initialization and startup	9.72
Controller action	50.53
Render Controller Action	83.73
» Rendering View	70.71
» » Rendering APP/views/contents/view.ctp	45.15
» » Rendering APP/views/layouts/default.ctp	19.82
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/header.ctp	1.70
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/content_sidebar.ctp	0.46
» » » Rendering APP/views/elements/footer.ctp	8.86

====

Log
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Logs

====
Variables
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View Variables
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 0Black roses appear black even though they contain the same pigment as red roses on account of the narrow epidermal cells that cover the surface of their petals. Shadows are created when light hits the cells at a certain angle, giving the flowers their black appearance.
 ref_info
 0Yasuda H. 1986. Hana no Iro no Nazo. Tokai University Press.
 reg_num
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 0The structure of red/black roses can be used to develop clothes and materials whose hues change slightly according to the brightness of a room’s light, or the angle from which one views the fabric.
 img_exp
 0Don’t use a flash when photographing a black rose! Photo by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/nagarazoku/" target="_blank">titanium22</a> / <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/" target="_blank">CC BY-SA 2.0</a> From the Amazing Nature Database.
 1Photo by UN From the Amazing Nature Database.
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 created2011-02-04 15:23:16
 modified2012-03-16 10:26:14
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====

Red Roses Appear Black

Request History

Session

Request

Cake Params

$_GET

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Current Route

Sql Logs

default

Query Explain:

Memory

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View Variables